An introduction to hiking the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT)

What is the Pacific Crest Trail?

The Pacific Crest Trail (PCT) is one of the world's most famous long-distance hiking trails, stretching 2,650 miles (4,265 km) from the Mexican border in California to the Canadian border in Washington. It passes through some of the most breathtaking landscapes in the United States, including the deserts of Southern California, the high peaks of the Sierra Nevada, and the lush forests of the Pacific Northwest.

Where does the PCT start and finish?

The trail spans three US states: California, Oregon, and Washington. Starting at Campo, California, near the Mexican border, it moves north through the Mojave Desert and climbs into the Sierra Nevada. From there, it continues through Oregon’s Cascade Range before entering Washington, traversing the rugged North Cascades before reaching its northern terminus at Manning Park on the Canadian border.

How long does it take to hike the PCT?

A full PCT thru-hike typically takes five to six months, depending on pace, fitness, weather conditions, and route variations. Most hikers start in April or May and aim to finish by late September to avoid early snowfall in the northern mountains. Some choose to complete the trail in sections over several years, a process known as section hiking.

How difficult is the PCT?

The PCT is a challenging trail that demands endurance, resilience, and careful planning. Hikers face extreme temperature variations, from scorching desert heat to freezing alpine nights. The Sierra Nevada section requires high-altitude hiking and difficult river crossings in high snow years. The trail is well-maintained in most areas but still requires navigational skills, especially in remote sections.

When is the best time to hike the PCT?

The ideal time to start a northbound (NOBO) hike is between mid-April and early May. This allows hikers to cross the Sierra Nevada after most of the winter snow has melted but before dangerous conditions develop in Washington’s Cascade Range in autumn. Southbound (SOBO) hikers usually begin in late June or early July to ensure snow in Washington has melted before reaching the Sierra in the autumn months.

Is it easy to access the start point?

Getting to the southern terminus is pretty straightforward. The cheapest international flights generally enter through LAX. The flyaway bus will take you 30 mins across town to the bus depot or Amtrak, where you can transfer to San Diego. You can choose from either a dedicated PCT shuttle bus or the public transit bus to Campo from downtown SD.

What kind of terrain can you expect?

The PCT features diverse terrain, ranging from arid desert landscapes and dense pine forests to volcanic plateaus and high-altitude mountain passes. Some sections, particularly in the Sierra Nevada and North Cascades, involve steep climbs and technical descents, while other parts, such as Oregon, are known for their relatively gentle terrain.

What about accommodation and resupply?

No permanent shelters along the PCT exist, so most hikers camp in tents or under tarps. Resupply points are scattered along the route, often requiring detours to nearby towns for food and supplies. Many hikers mail resupply boxes to post offices or businesses along the trail to ensure they have the necessary food and gear for remote sections.

How expensive is it?

A lot depends on your starting point. If you already have a lot of the kit you will need, then you’re off to a good start. You don’t need to spend big bucks on the best and absolute lightest kit. Keep it light and consider either used purchases or a ‘middle of the range’ kit. Once hiking, avoid motel nights and restaurants in town when you go in to resupply. Costs can rack up fast. Get in, get resupplied and get out again. That will save a lot of money.

Do you need a permit to hike the PCT?

Yes, long-distance hikers (those covering 500 miles or more) need a PCT Long-Distance Permit, issued by the Pacific Crest Trail Association (PCTA). In addition, specific permits are required for certain areas, such as national parks. Daily quotas limit the number of hikers starting at the southern border to reduce overcrowding.

What are the biggest challenges?

The biggest challenges on the PCT include unpredictable weather, physical exhaustion, navigation issues, and mental fatigue. Water scarcity in the desert, high-altitude passes in the Sierra, and river crossings in Washington all present significant obstacles. Many hikers experience injuries, blisters, or illnesses, requiring careful self-care and resilience.

Is it comparable to any other trails?

It’s hard to compare the PCT to other trails. It has a unique culture, and the diversity and beauty of landscapes are second to none. It’s worth getting some backpacking in by way of preparation. If you’ve not backpacked before, do a couple of day-long hikes and camp out, then do a week or more of backpacking to dial in your kit, get used to the load, and build some trail fitness. In the States the Tahoe Rim Trail would be a great training trail prior to the PCT. In Europe, there are many options. The TMB would be a good option if you camp rather than use the huts.

Why hike the PCT?

Despite its challenges, the PCT offers an unforgettable adventure, with breathtaking scenery, a deep connection with nature, and a strong sense of community among hikers. Whether you’re drawn by the physical challenge, the solitude of the wilderness, or the camaraderie of fellow trekkers, the PCT is a life-changing experience for those who take it on.

For anyone considering the journey, thorough research, preparation, and respect for the trail are essential. Whether you dream of a thru-hike or just a short section, the Pacific Crest Trail has something to offer every outdoor enthusiast.